http://blog.siaige.com/ Systemes d'Information Appliques a l'Intelligence et a la Guerre Economique -------------------------------------------------------------------- étude et développement des politiques en matière de systèmes d'information au sens large, dans le cadre de leur implication, ainsi que leur application aux concepts et principes d'intelligence et de guerre économique. -------------------------------------- http://www.copyrightfrance.com/php/certificat.php?reference=3T53168 fr Fri, 03 Oct 2008 08:10:42 +0200 (c) SIAIGE - http://www.copyrightfrance.com/php/certificat.php?reference=3T53168 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss Dotclear http://blog.siaige.com/post/2007/11/30/Governance-issues-regarding-the-Internet-of-things#c5807881 urn:md5:ef14f93d5bf6e75cf8826b8e5cd2863d Fri, 30 Nov 2007 16:14:50 +0100 Neuze Mayo (PG) <p>Mark,<br /> I do agree with everything in your comment.<br /> We're on the same line !<br /> Regards,<br /> PG</p> http://blog.siaige.com/post/2007/11/30/Governance-issues-regarding-the-Internet-of-things#c5806553 urn:md5:6548f0fd68b49789f5397d00c93acf2a Fri, 30 Nov 2007 13:24:28 +0100 Mark Harrison <p>During the last four years since EPCglobal was formed in late 2003, significant progress has been made by the EPCglobal community in the development and ratification of user-driven open standards for many elements of the EPC Network architecture. These include software standards, as well as standards relating to hardware, such as the UHF Class 1 Gen 2 air interface, which has even been adopted by ISO as ISO 18000-6 C. They have also been active in promoting the technology and helping to drive adoption. This in turn has helped lead to increased demand and falling prices for low-cost RFID tags etc.<br /> Upon ratification, EPCglobal standards are freely available to everybody to download from <a href="http://www.epcglobalinc.org/standards" title="http://www.epcglobalinc.org/standards">http://www.epcglobalinc.org/standar...</a> . Recently, the associated files (XML schema, WSDL files etc.) have also been made available. In addition, there are open source projects for the EPC Network, in Java ( <a href="http://www.accada.org" title="http://www.accada.org">http://www.accada.org</a> ) and C#/.NET ( <a href="http://source.mit.edu" title="http://source.mit.edu">http://source.mit.edu</a> ).<br /> The EPC Network is currently positioned primarily as a business-to-business infrastructure that enables businesses and supply chains to operate more efficiently through the automated capture and exchange of serial-level data about the location and movement of individual objects. Although an Object Name Service (ONS) provides a lookup mechanism to find authoritative information about an individual object or EPC (usually information provided by the object's manufacturer), its implementation in DNS is not well suited to providing dynamic track and trace information in a scalable and secure manner. For this purpose, complementary lookup services, known as 'Discovery Services' are under development. EPCglobal is currently gathering user requirements for these, which will then feed into the development of a technical standard. In parallel, three IETF internet drafts on Extensible SupplyChain Discovery Services (ESDS) have been posted - and a mailing list esds@ietf.org has been established to promote discussion on the design of the technical interfaces and data model. Over the last 18 months, the BRIDGE project (a 3 year integrated project within the European Commission's 6th framework programme (FP6)) has also undertaken significant work on the requirements, design and prototyping of Discovery Services. The BRIDGE team has also contributed two of their reports to both EPCglobal's Data Discovery Joint Requirements Group and has also posted the reports to the ESDS@IETF.ORG mailing list, in order to contribute to current standardization efforts.<br /> Discovery Services will probably provide much greater business value than an Object Name Service. It is already apparent that a number of solution providers are already providing services targeting this role - and it is hoped that we can work towards convergent interfaces between them, in order to achieve interoperability and a genuinely competitive multi-vendor marketplace for Discovery Services.<br /> Before this point is reached, EPCglobal may need to rethink their current business model, in which subscribers are provided with entries in their root ONS, as one of the subscriber benefits (in addition to the opportunities to network with other early adopters and actively participate and influence the development of user-driven standards). Of course, a future 'Internet of Things' has a much broader scope than the current 'EPC Network'; we can imagine several location-based services for citizens - effectively interfacing the World Wide Web much more closely to objects and real-world locations.<br /> Much of the innovation in the World Wide Web has been driven by the creative and altruistic ideas of enthusiastic individuals - and it is essential that citizens are not deterred from full participation in the future 'Internet of Things'. In the world wide web, there are very low economic barriers to citizens who wish to create new websites and services - the costs of registering a domain name and hosting websites are very affordable - and there are also several providers of free hosting and free website addresses. The availability of freely available web browsers and many free or affordable software tools for creating information content and services means that there are few economic barriers to participation. The free availability of relevant web standards from W3C and related network standards from other bodies, such as IETF enables global interoperability.<br /> Turning to the future 'internet of things', the open standards from EPCglobal may provide a strong foundation for the technical standards - and the availability of freely available open source software for the EPC network should enable the prototyping and development of new and innovative applications and services by enthusiastic citizens. Falling costs of RFID tags (economies of scale driven by the large volumes to be used by business) is also a welcome development.<br /> However, at present, the EPC identifier namespace does not yet cater for tagging of individual objects by citizens, nor the tagging of arbitrary locations anywhere on the planet (such as signposts and viewpoint information boards within the landscape and national parks, which are not commercial 'business locations'). The good news is that the Electronic Product Code (EPC) is really a framework that can support multiple identifier schemes - and there are already standards such as Tag Data Translation and the Tag Data Standard, which facilitate the mapping of any identifier system into an EPC format. It is therefore not a difficult technical challenge to develop an EPC identifier scheme that can encode the latitude, longitude and altitude of any place on earth (so that it could be read via a mobile phone and linked to location-based services (e.g. photos, video, reviews) on the web). Likewise, it would technically be a very trivial matter for an 8-bit EPC header code to be allocated for private / internal-use identifiers generated by citizens or companies. It is even conceivable that citizens might use the short codes generated by URL-shortening services (such as snipurl.com, tinyurl.com, purl.org) to encode an RFID tag and link it to a particular resource on the web). Most of the EPCglobal technical standards would continue to function even if the EPC namespace were opened up to serve an expanded 'internet of things' that is open for innovation and active participation by all citizens.</p>